Indeed,the key point is still the selection of patients for the right treatment,on basis of molecular tumor characterization.Since chemotherapy reached a plateau of efficacy for gastric cancer,the combination between cytotoxic therapy and

biological agents gets a better prognosis and decreases chemotherapeutic toxicity.Currently,Trastuzumab in combination with platinum and fluorouracil is the only approved targeted therapy in the first line for c-erb B2 positive patients,whereas Ramucirumab is the only approved targeted agent for patients with metastatic gastric cancer.New perspectives for an effective treatment derived from the immunotherapeutic strategies.Here,we report an overview on gastric BMS-754807 cancer treatments,with particular attention to recent advances in targeted therapies and in immunotherapeutic approach.
肺鳞癌是最主要的肺癌病理类型之一,经手术、放化疗等综合治疗后,其5年生存率仍低于15%。近年来,肺鳞癌的分子靶向治疗取得较大进展,潜在治疗靶点及相应靶向药物不断被发现并应用于临床前期阶段,如PI3K/AKT/m TOR通路及其抑制剂、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)及EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR-TKIs)、纤维母细胞生长因子受体1及其抑制剂、DDR2及其抑制剂、胰岛素样生长因子受体1及其抑制剂等,使肺鳞癌的个体化靶向治疗成为可能,但仍需验证这些药物的临床疗效与安全性。
目的:为逆转三磷酸腺苷结合转运蛋白G2(ABCG2)介导的肿瘤多重耐药提供理论参考,更好地服务于新药开发及临床合理用药。方法:以”ABCG2″”多重耐药”"耐药逆转”为关键词检索近几年中国知网、万方数据库、PubMed数据库(关键词为相对应的英文),对所获得的文献进行整理、归纳和分析,综述ABCG2对多药耐药的作用及如何逆转耐药。结果与结论:ABCG2表达水平与肿瘤化疗效果有密切关系,其过表达可使多种抗癌药物外排最终导致多重耐药。目前逆转ABCG2介导的多重耐药成为国内外医药工作者热衷研究的方向。
虽然免疫抑制剂和蛋白酶体抑制剂的应用使多发性骨髓瘤治疗领域在过去10年取得了显著进展,但该疾病仍是预后差且5年存活率最低的癌症之一。多发性骨髓瘤目前仍不可治愈,甚至连有效地维持缓解都极为困难。复杂的临床表现、多样的治疗选择以及长期、大规模比较研究数据的缺乏导致这一疾病的治疗变得更加复杂。新一代治疗药物在疗效和耐受性方面均有显著提高,并且已通过加快审批通道进入市场,用于曾接受过多次既往治疗的患者,治疗复发性/难治性多发性骨髓瘤,但目前还未获得其完整的存活率数据。在基因组学领域,已开始对患者进行更加个体化的预后和治疗,然而这一领域还仅仅处于起步阶段。随着多发性骨髓瘤发生机制的进一步阐明以及竞争前研究合作的进一步加强,希望能够在这一治疗需求远远未被满足的领域快速研发出新一代靶向治疗药物。
Gastric

NVP-BKM120购买 cancer is the second leading cause of cancerrelated deaths worldwide.Conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy has limited efficacy for metastatic gastric cancer,with an overall survival of approximately ten months.Recent advances in high-throughput technologies have enabled the implementation of personalized cancer therapy for high-risk 或者 patients.The use of such high-throughput technologies,including microarray and next generation sequencing,have promoted the discovery of novel targets that offer new treatment strategies for patients lacking other therapeutic options.Many molecular pathways are currently under investigation as therapeutic targets in gastric cancer,including those related to the epidermal growth factor receptor family,the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor axis,and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKTmammalian target of rapamycin factors.Advances in molecular diagnostic tools further support the discovery of new molecular targets.Limitations exist,however;not all patients can be tested for biomarkers,and numerous challenges hamper implementation of targeted therapy in clinical settings.